The subject of this publication is the socio-political situation in the country and in Tomsk during the military-revolutionary years. The actions of specific representatives of the professional class of attorneys, such as I. I. Kusse-Kuz, are described.
The military-revolutionary period (1914−1920) in Russian history is of great interest to experts. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to study this period. It is worth noting that the actions of opponents of the Bolsheviks 
have received increased attention. A significant number of historians' works are devoted to military operations and biographies of statesmen, politicians, and military leaders of various ranks. The activities of professional communities at the provincial level have not yet received the attention they deserve. This also applies to lawyers. Even in those difficult circumstances, their service continued. The focus of our attention is the attorney I. I. Kusse-Kuz (born in 1881).

The materials for writing the article were found in the National Archives of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in the periodical press of that time, in reference publications and research papers of domestic specialists. The methods used in the study are: comparison, analysis, synthesis, problem-chronological, historical-biographical. 
As a result of the work, the author came to the conclusion that the February revolution of 1917 caused an unprecedented increase in activity throughout the country. Tomsk and the sworn attorney (lawyer – author) I. I. Kussey-Kuse were no exception. During this period, the lawyer proved himself in various areas of public activity and demonstrated his civic position. During this period, the lawyer was subjected to repression based on political motives.

This article discusses the topic of mentoring as a fac
tor in the continuous development and formation of teachers through the implementation of a mentoring program and the integration of young teachers into pedagogical communities in five main areas of the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education: socio-communicative, cognitive, speech, artistic and aesthetic, and physical development. 
The authors present the relevance of mentoring in the education system, emphasize the importance of this topic at the national and regional levels, and analyze the scientific literature on pedagogical sciences over a significant period. The article presents the experience of implementing a mentoring program within the framework of a municipal innovation platform organized at the Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution No. 5 «Combined Kindergarten» in the city of Kemerovo.
The subject of the study in the article is the process of developing a scientific and methodological complex of mentoring as a means of continuous professional development and formation of preschool education teachers. 
The study uses theoretical scientific research methods, 
such as analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and generalization, as well as empirical methods, such as experimentation, observation, measurement, and surveys.
As a result of the study, the advantages of the mentoring system as a factor in the continuous professional development and formation of preschool teachers have been highlighted, including support for young professionals, improvement of the professional competence of mentors and mentees, development and support of the professional motivation of young teachers and mentors, reduction of adaptation time, and decrease in staff turnover and outflow of specialists to other regions.
Among the conclusions, the authors presented the main 
provisions of the scientific and methodological complex of mentoring as a means of continuous professional development and formation of teachers.

The idiolexicon of the artist of words represents one of the perspectives of the worldview, which has both common and distinctive features in the context of linguistic consciousness. The article is devoted to the description of the figurative modeling of the semantics 
of courage in M. Tsvetaeva’s poetry. The subject of analysis in the article is the specificity of the figurative attribution of objects by epithets of the semantics of courage in the M. Tsvetaeva’s language, identifying the specificity of epithetation against the background of 
speech attribution. The role of epithet vocabulary in the formation of idiostyle features of the poet's texts is noted, which is expressed in her multiple statements regarding the epithet and the adjective. 
The development of the discursive meaning of an adjective forming the temporary meaning of a qualitative situational attribute is shown on the material of epithet complexes with a common semantic component of courage. In M. Tsvetaeva’s poetry, courage and bravery are associated with specific individuals, historical figures, and also with a loved one willing to do anything for their beloved. This attribute is frequently metonymically verbalized through objectification in a specific act, gesture, or deed. The most representative epithet is brave, which is localized within concepts such as sight and hand.
Methods of material analysis. The research based on methods such as analysis of lexicographic sources and databases, contextual analysis, lexical-semantic and conceptual analysis, and quantitative analysis of linguistic units.

The article examines the functions of zoomorphic imagery in Ivan Lazhechnikov’s novel The Ice House and its role in shaping the author’s evaluative and ideological position. The study demonstrates that animal metaphors serve not as decorative elements but as a coherent system of semantic markers used to construct key oppositions within the novel’s political and moral landscape − such as loyalty vs. self-interest, heroism vs. courtly servility, and power vs. victimhood. The analysis reveals that zoomorphic representations interact with deicticand evaluative components of the narrative, thereby forming stable interpretative frameworks through which the reader perceives major characters, including court favorites, representatives of autocratic power, and defenders of the fatherland. By comparing different groups of zoomorphic metaphors (predators, domestic animals, mythological hybrids), the article reconstructs the hierarchical model of power embedded in the novel. The study employs methods of continuous sampling, contextual analysis, and structural-semantic interpretation. 
The results show that zoomorphic imagery functions as an important strategy of indirect authorial commentary, structuring the power dynamics of the novel and encoding the writer’s attitude toward the historical epoch portrayed. The novelty of the research lies in identifying zoomorphism as a mechanism of value-oriented character typology and as a means of representing implicit authorial evaluation in the historical novel.