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Bulletin of social Sciences and Humanities

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Vol 4, No 2 (2023)
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HISTORY

6–13 505
Abstract

The subject of the study is the biography of Gennady Aleksandrovich Blinov (1919-2007) - Candidate of Sciences in History, Associate professor, head of the Department of History of the Kemerovo State Medical Institute for many years [9]. All his pedagogical work was devoted to the teaching of social sciences, mainly the history of the CPSU. Participation in the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) was short but very important for the formation of his personality.

The sources for writing this article were the documents of three archives (the State Archive of Kuzbass, the archives of KemSMU and KuzSTU), the Museum of History of KemSMU.

The vast majority of them were introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The memoirs of people who knew him, periodicals, scientific research, reference literature are involved.

The work is based on a civilizational approach. It uses both general scientific (comparison, analysis, synthesis) and historical (problem-chronological) research methods.

The article not only recreates the main stages of G. A. Blinov's life and activity in the pre-war, military and post-war periods. It is an attempt to identify the influence of certain factors on the professional activity and personal life of G. A. Blinov.

An important difference of this article is that its author sought to show the vicissitudes of his hero's fate against the background of the era. Generations have come to life and continue to come, for whom the realities of the life of older generations are unknown and incomprehensible

14–23 243
Abstract

The subject of study was the specifc institutional education of anarchists - the Siberian group of anarchist-communist operating in the city of Irkutsk. The authors were based on the civilizational methodology using general scientifc and concrete historical research methods: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparative historical and problem-chronological, as well as periodization methods, retrospective and promising analysis. On the basis of the frst-introduced into the scientifc turnover of archival historical sources, the authors received new results, based on which they made evidence -based conclusions about the laws and development features of a large Siberian anarchist group. The authors came to the conclusion that the studied group played a leading role in the development of the anarchist movement in the Irkutsk province, being a unifying center for the anarcho-communist groups of Siberia for some time. Basically, the radical-revolutionary, extremist nature of its political actions and intentions is substantiated. The connections of the studied group with similar formations in the Irkutsk province and the country as a whole are traced. The ideological direction of the group as a whole is defned as anarcho-communist, its interaction with other areas of anarchism, as well as political parties of the socialist spectrum-socialists-revolutionaries and social democrats, is traced. Anarchists' attempts were given to establish relations with soldiers and other segments of the population of Irkutsk and the province by establishing agitation and propaganda work. The forms and methods of the struggle of group members with the existing state system and the methods used to counteract state bodies against the antistate, extremist group are considered. All the material of the article leads to a general conclusion that it is impossible to achieve the main goal of anarchists-the communist society by the radical and extremist forms and methods of struggle used by them.

24-34 221
Abstract

The article examines the history of the formation and development of the I. F. Kopylova Kuzbass Clinical Phthisiopulmonological Medical Center (KKCPMC). The materials used are manuscripts and memoirs of veterans of the tuberculosis service of Kuzbass I.F. Kopylova, T.I. Ovsyannikova, S.A. Ippolitova, G.S. Kuzmina, G.I. Babichuk, G.V. Kobeleva, archive of photographs and documents of the Department of Phthisiology of Kemerovo State Medical University and KKCPMC, data from open sources. The study used general scientific methods, as well as the historical and comparative method. The subject of the study is the activity of the I. F. Kopylova Kuzbass Clinical Phthisiopulmonological Medical Center at various stages of its formation.Breakthrough technologies developed by the institution in the 70-80s on the use of a systematic approach to the management of antituberculosis activities with the help of electronic computing equipment at that time were the future of the organization of antituberculosis care. Due to the high achievements of the region in antituberculosis work, the VI All-Russian Congress of Phthisiologists was held in Kemerovo in 1987. The article traces the path from the beginning of providing specialized care to tuberculosis patients in the north of Kuzbass to the present day. Today - KKCPMC is the leading institution in the region, whose team, preserving and multiplying traditions, developing scientific base, introducing innovations, participating in the training of a new generation of doctors, works for the benefit of the residents of Kuzbass.

PHILOSOPHY

35-42 225
Abstract

The scientifc and philosophical approaches of recent decades have been unable to make human behavior more ecological. We need to rethink our self-image and ability to overcome the crisis in our relationship with the environment. At the same time, the search for alternative points of view that clarify the essence of this moral and ideological problem of mankind becomes relevant. The object of this study is the basic concepts of the «ecological» philosophy of T. Morton.

The subject of the analysis was the main trend of the philosophical doctrine set by the author – «how to become ecological». The purpose of the work is to identify the prerequisites for the emergence of T. Morton's «ecological» philosophy and the most signifcant conclusions that deserve to be broadcast to the general public. The methodology of the work is based on the analysis of domestic and foreign publications on the research topic, primarily the works of T. Morton.

As a result of the study, it was possible to identify the key principles of the «ecological» philosophy of T. Morton. Based on analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn. The impossibility of a fnal knowledge of the causes, dynamics and consequences of the current ecological crisis forces us to accept the idea of «dark ecology». According to the philosopher, it is necessary to stop «fghting» with environmental problems, accepting them as inevitable, to realize oneself as part of global natural processes and try to live them through, becoming more ecological. At the same time, T. Morton convinces the reader that «ecologicality» is already present in every person, because we still interact with the objects and phenomena of the world around us. What is missing is the awareness of this presence.

SOCIOLOGY

42–50 143
Abstract

The article presents the history of the development of the administrative and economic part of the KemSMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia: the opening of educational buildings and hostels in the period from 1956 to 2023. The memoirs of teachers and graduates of the university are given. The article uses materials and photographs from the archives of the Museum of the History of the KemSMU, the media, personal archives of university employees, refecting the history of the formation and development of the medical university. The study used general scientifc methods; as well as the method of qualitative analysis of photographs (visual method), which allows expanding the cognitive capabilities of traditional research methods in sociology; qualitative analysis of documents; historical method (oral history: memoirs, memoirs).
The subject is the consideration of the application of the visual method in conjunction with traditional sociological methods in the study of the formation of the educational infrastructure of a medical university at various stages of its development.
As a result of the study of the formation of the Kemerovo State Medical University, the main milestones in the development of the educational infrastructure of the university were analyzed. Documentary facts about important events in the history of the university (photographs, written and oral memoirs) were collected and systematized, which made it possible to trace the historical process of organizing student learning, carried out over several decades.
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that when studying the history of a medical university, the visual method has proven itself well in conjunction with other methods of sociological research. We used a qualitative approach to the analysis of photographic documents, which allows us to interpret visual images. From the day of its opening in Kuzbass, Kemerovo State Medical University has gone from institute to university, creating a modern educational infrastructure and becoming one of the largest higher medical educational institutions in Russia.

PSYCHOLOGY

51–56 213
Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of leadership as a psychological phenomenon and its relationship with personal communicative resources - communicative control and manipulative attitude towards other people. Leadership is a certain position of an individual in a group, characterized by the ability to infuence group members and direct their efforts to achieve the necessary goals. To effectively solve the problems of joint activity, the leader resorts to manipulation (psychological infuence on other people in order to covertly excite their necessary intentions) using elements of communicative control (updating power through any verbal or non-verbal action containing information about the distribution of control between all subjects of communication). The subject of the study is the relationship between leadership manifestations and the level of communicative control and the characteristics of a manipulative attitude towards others; the object is the phenomenon of leadership as a psychological category. Research methods: analysis of scientifc literature, psychological testing, interpretation of results, correlation analysis, comparative analysis, generalization of data. According to the results of the study, the conducted correlation analysis showed a statistically signifcant positive relationship between leadership and communicative control and between communicative control and manipulation. A comparative analysis between boys and girls revealed a signifcant difference in the level of manifestation of a manipulative attitude (in girls, a manipulative attitude is signifcantly higher than in boys). In the conclusion of the work, it is noted that the communicative component in the structure of leadership is provided by many psychological phenomena, communicative control and reasonable manipulation are the necessary personal resources of leadership.

PEDAGOGY

57–65 145
Abstract

The article is devoted to the organization of the educational process in the discipline «Latin language» in Kemerovo State Medical University. The relevance of the research is determined by the need to fnd effective mechanisms to overcome manifestations of learned helplessness formed during the study of foreign languages at the previous stage of education. The subject of the study is a set of methods and tools used to level behavioral reactions of students with performance of learned helplessness. Research methods include analysis of scientifc literature, modeling, pedagogical experiment, questionnaire, interviewing, and observation. The results of the study are presented by a questionnaire to determine the linguistic (non-)success of 1st-year students; a set of tasks on the discipline «Latin language», developed as part of an online course on the LMS Moodle platform and the use of interactive techniques (interactive (problem) mini-lecture, brainstorming, small groups performance, expert interview); recommendations for using the motivational assessment system when working with students demonstrating pronounced helplessness. As a result of the study, the author comes to the conclusion about the effectiveness of using the described set of measures in the educational process in the discipline «Latin language», modeled with the aim of leveling the effect of learned helplessness.

ECONOMY

66–71 258
Abstract

The consequences of the ongoing events and the impact of the special military operation in Ukraine on the Russian economy are quite predictable and obvious - the introduction of restrictions by the West, sanctions aimed at weakening our country. The article analyzes the dynamics and content of measures of sanctions pressure on Russia by Western countries. The analysis was carried out on the basis of data from offcial documents and scientifc publications posted in the public domain. The subject of the study is the potential and realizable possibilities of the Russian economy to counteract and level Western economic sanctions; the object is the Russian economy in the current conditions of sanctions pressure. The study is based on a systematic approach and general scientifc methods of analysis, statistical processing and generalization of data. As a result of the study, a set of measures is proposed to increase the stability of the economy and support citizens in modern conditions: the development of the domestic market for the consumption of hydrocarbons, the formation of new logistics and infrastructure links, and more. At the end of the work, as conclusions, it is noted that there are a number of diffculties: the pipeline system has insuffcient capacity to increase exports, Russian supplies are complicated by geopolitical problems, namely, that states unfriendly to Russia are involved in the routes.

ESSAYS, JOURNALISM, REVIEWS



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ISSN 2687-0320 (Print)