The subject of the research is the illegal publishing activities of colonies and circles of anarchists in places of mass political exile in Siberia. General scientific (induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis) and specific historical (problem-chronological, comparative-historical, retrospective, prospective, content analysis) research methods are used. On the basis of the first introduced into scientific circulation archival historical sources the authors received new results, relying on which they made evidential conclusions about the regularities and features of the peaceful, creative work of the exiled Siberian anarchists, the main of which was publishing activity. It consisted of organizational, ideological preparation and release of printed and handwritten publications − leaflets, newspapers, magazines, party documentation (program documents, resolutions of party forums).

The article concludes about the inadequacy and weakness of the publishing activity of the anarchists in places of exile compared to the exiles of other revolutionary parties − social democrats and socialist revolutionaries. This is explained, on the one hand, by the extreme difficulties in carrying out illegal work under open police surveillance, and on the other hand, by the underestimation of propaganda and publishing by the anarchists themselves, who prefer terrorist and expropriatory "direct action". The authors paid attention to establishing the publishers of specific publications, the date of their release, the production technique, and gave an assessment of the influence of general party and foreign literature on local publications. The connections of exiled anarchists with party organizations and editorial boards of foreign party publications were traced. The main result of the work is the confirmation, using the example of exiled anarchists, of the basic laws of the development of anarchism, one of which is the priority orientation toward extremist methods, while creative work is considered only as auxiliary. 

Epithetation is a type of attribution in which an object acquires characteristics not inherent to it. The basis for epithetation is the subject's conscious choice of a non-trivial attribute of the object, which they understand as fundamental and integral. The article is devoted to the description of the epithetation of the concept «hair» in M. Tsvetaeva’s poetry. The subject of the analysis is the specificity of the figurative attribution of the concept hair in the M. Tsvetaeva’s poetic language, identifying the specificity of epithetation against the background of speech attribution. The research establishes that this concept is one of the metonymic types of cognitive metaphor describing a person as a complex unity of physical and spiritual principles. In this regard, it is indicated that the epithet characteristics of the hair are associated with the metonymic designation of a person as a bearer of certain character traits and personality qualities that manifest themselves in the considered area of the human conceptual field. The analysis of the main characteristic verbalizers within the framework of hair epithetation showed that the concept is compared with various subject and natural objects, which creates a vivid metaphorical quality; epithetation is especially active in genitive constructions. This fact is a distinctive feature of Tsvetaeva’s idiostyle and represents a special object of linguistic analysis within the framework of epithetology and the theory of metaphor.

Methods of material analysis. The research based on methods such as analysis of lexicographic sources and databases, contextual analysis, lexical-semantic and conceptual analysis, and quantitative analysis of linguistic units. 

Cognitive rigidity is an individual's reluctance to change their worldview when perceiving new information, inflexibility of thought processes, and an inability to abandon previously formed cognitive attitudes. The Stroop effect is a delayed response in performing parts of a color test when shifting perception modes, based on cognitive control mechanisms. This study examined the psychological characteristics of cognitive rigidity in young adults. The methods used included a review of psychological approaches to cognitive rigidity, a discussion of the Stroop interference effect, psychological testing using the «Stroop Verbal-Color Interference Method», interpretation of results, and a summary of the findings. The study's results indicate that approximately half of the respondents exhibited moderate to moderate cognitive rigidity. The study's conclusions note that high Stroop interference scores indicate the presence of cognitive rigidity, while cognitive control reflects the degree of subjective difficulty in completing tasks when changing the methods of processing and perceiving information in a situation of cognitive conflict. 

The subject of this studyis the functional characteristics of communicative tasks that create a professionally oriented educational communication environment based on specialized English-language texts, in the context of the combined implementation of variable learning technologies. The object of studyis professionally oriented communicative tasks, completed in various styles and used in stages while working with the topic under study to develop communicative competence relevant for future professional activities.In the course of the study, the experience of using professionally oriented communicative tasks as a means of organizing educational communicative interaction was analyzed, with an emphasis on the advanced stage of working with specialized text. A comparative analysis of the communicative potential of the learning technologies used in completing the assignments was conducted.

The relevance of this research lies in the search for technologies that facilitate the creation of an effective environment for student communicative interaction within a unified educational context to develop communication skills relevant to specific professional activities. The study revealed that communication tasks that directly apply students’ learning to their future profession, such as project-based, practice-oriented communication tasks, have the greatest motivational effect on students’ performance in independent or corporate professionally oriented communication activities. The scientific noveltyis represented by an attempt to assess the potential of the complex implementation of interactive technologies using communicative tasks generated based on the content of a specialized text, with the possibility of extrapolation to situations of communicative interaction in future professional activities. 

The article is devoted to topical issues of the development of critical thinking among first-year medical university students. The subject of the research is criterion-oriented test tasks used to determine the critical thinking level. The aim of the work is to develop and validate the criterion-based diagnostic testing, designed to determine the level of critical thinking development in early Latin studies. The methods used include the analysis of scientific literature, modeling of criterion-based testing and subsequent statistical analysis of the results. The authors describe the content of critical thinking skills developed in the context of learning Latin (skeptical assessment of information sources, logical analysis, argumentation, reflection, cognitive activity, ethical behavior). An diagnostic testing methodology has been developed and tested that integrates linguistic (based on Russian, foreign languages, including Latin) and extralinguistic skills of working with information within the framework of educational and professional discourses. The results of testing of first-year students of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Medical Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation indicate the predominance of reproductive and productive levels of critical thinking development. At the same time, the authors note the need to synthesize special exercises and educational technologies aimed at developing the ability to skeptically evaluate the received educational and professional information, as well as skills of reflection and cognitive activity. These measures will improve the quality of training for healthcare professionals. 

This study was prompted by the need to understand the causes of the 1054 schism and to seek axiological foundations for confessional self-determination. Therefore, the subject of this study is the axiological foundations of the dogmatic confrontation between the Eastern and Western Churches in the Filioque debate. The aim of this study was to identify these foundations through an examination of the long-standing value confrontation between the Eastern and Western Churches. To achieve this goal, historical-genetic and comparative-historical methods were used to compare the two theological traditions and elucidate the genesis and evolution of the Filioque doctrine in the Western tradition, as well as to develop criticism of this doctrine in Eastern patristics. Philosophical and cultural analysis is a key method for identifying the value dispositions rooted in the dogmatic confrontation between the Western and Eastern Churches. Comparative axiology serves as the primary theoretical approach in our study, enabling a comparison of religious cultures based on value principles.

The study revealed axiological dispositions that formed the core of the schism and can serve as a basis for understanding one's own worldview and facilitating the choice of confession: tradition (preservation) vs. development (change); conciliarity (consensus) vs. one-man rule, supreme teaching authority (papal primacy); mystery (and transformation) vs. clarity (and systematicity); Grace as a Gift (uncreated energy transforming existence) and Grace as a determinant.

The Filioque problem proved to be an indicator of the latent value confrontation between two Christian models: Eastern and Western. The long confrontation culminated in the schism of 1054, but the axiological dispositions that underpinned it can today contribute to the development of a conscious, tolerant, and respectful interfaith dialogue. 

The relevance of the topic is due to the need to preserve ethno-cultural identity in the context of globalization. The article considers folk art culture as a key resource for the formation and transmission of the unique cultural code of the region. On the example of comparing Buryat and Yakut cultures, the mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of traditions through epic heritage, ornamental art, rituals and theatrical practices are analyzed. The activity of modern sociocultural institutions on the use of the cultural code in the preservation and development of traditional folk culture is revealed. Purpose of work comparative analysis of the role of folk-art culture in the formation of the cultural code of the national republics (Buryatia and Yakutia), identifying the general and specific in the use of this resource. Comparative-historical, semiotic and structural-functional approaches are used as the methodological basis of the study. Theoretical studies were used in the study methods of research comparative-historical analysis, structural-functional analysis and semiotic analysis, as well as the empirical method — analysis of documents.

Subject of study: mechanisms, forms and practices of using folk art culture in the formation and updating of the cultural code of the regions of Buryatia and Yakutia.

During the study came conclusion that despite the common epic dominant, the cultural codes of the studied republics are formed through various models of the actualization of folk-art culture, which is due to both the peculiarities of historical development and the specifics of social organization and the modern cultural policy of the regions.